Datasets
Displaying 1 - 25 of 30
This dataset provides access to two types of ozone observations: total column ozone estimates and vertical profiles of ozone concentration.
The total ozone estimates are based on solar UV radiation measurements made by ground-based spectrophotometers (Dobson or Brewer type spectrophotometers).
The vertical profiles of ozone concentration are estimated primarily using ozonesonde observations.
Data are available for 159 Dobson stations, 109 Brewer stations and 135 ozonesondes stations.
The total ozone estimates are based on solar UV radiation measurements made by ground-based spectrophotometers (Dobson or Brewer type spectrophotometers).
The vertical profiles of ozone concentration are estimated primarily using ozonesonde observations.
Data are available for 159 Dobson stations, 109 Brewer stations and 135 ozonesondes stations.
Interval/period: Tue, 01/01/1924 - Tue, 05/12/2026
This dataset provides daily gridded data of sea ice concentration for both hemispheres derived from satellite passive microwave brightness temperatures. Sea ice is an important component of our climate system and a sensitive indicator of climate change. Its presence or its retreat has a strong impact on air-sea interactions, the Earth’s energy budget as well as marine ecosystems. It is recognised by the Global Climate Observing System as an Essential Climate Variable.
Interval/period: Sun, 10/01/1978 - Mon, 09/29/2025
This dataset provides daily gridded fields of sea ice drift vectors for both hemispheres derived from satellite passive microwave brightness temperatures and atmospheric reanalysis data. Sea ice is an important component of our climate system and a sensitive indicator of climate change. Its presence or retreat significantly affects ocean-atmosphere interactions, the Earth’s energy budget as well as marine ecosystems. It is classified as an Essential Climate Variable by the Global Climate Observing System.
Interval/period: Tue, 01/01/1991 - Thu, 12/31/2020
This dataset provides daily gridded data of sea ice edge and sea ice type derived from brightness temperatures measured by satellite passive microwave radiometers. Sea ice is an important component of our climate system and a sensitive indicator of climate change. Its presence or its retreat has a strong impact on air-sea interactions, the Earth’s energy budget as well as marine ecosystems. It is recognized by the Global Climate Observing System as an Essential Climate Variable. Sea ice edge and type are some of the parameters used to characterise sea ice.
Interval/period: Wed, 10/25/1978 - Wed, 09/24/2025
This dataset provides daily and monthly sea ice surface temperature (IST) fields over the polar oceans from 1982 to the present. The data are derived from thermal infrared measurements from a single satellite sensor type: the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Meteorological Operational (MetOp) satellites.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Tue, 09/30/2025
This dataset provides gridded sea ice thickness data for the Arctic, derived from satellite observations. Sea ice plays a vital role in the climate system, influencing air-sea interactions, the Earth’s energy balance, and marine ecosystems. It is recognised by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV). Sea ice thickness is a key characteristic used alongside other parameters such as concentration, edge, and type, all available in the Climate Data Store (CDS).
Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/2002 - Sat, 04/12/2025
This dataset provides gridded daily and monthly mean global estimates of sea level anomaly based on satellite altimetry measurements. The rise in global mean sea level in recent decades has been one of the most important and well-known consequences of climate warming, putting a large fraction of the world population and economic infrastructure at greater risk of flooding. However, changes in the global average sea level mask regional variations that can be one order of magnitude larger.
Interval/period: Fri, 01/01/1993 - Sun, 12/31/2023
This dataset provides global daily sea surface temperature (SST) data from the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) multi-product ensemble (GMPE) produced by the European Space Agency SST Climate Change Initiative (ESA SST CCI). The GMPE system was designed to allow users to compare the outputs from different SST analysis systems and understand their similarities and differences. Although originally intended for comparison of near real time data, it has also been used to compare long historical datasets.
Interval/period: Tue, 09/01/1981 - Sat, 12/31/2016
The Essential Climate Variables for assessment of climate variability from 1979 to present dataset contains a selection of climatologies, monthly anomalies and monthly mean fields of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) suitable for monitoring and assessment of climate variability and change. Selection criteria are based on accuracy and temporal consistency on monthly to decadal time scales.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Wed, 04/01/2026
This data set provides observational records of aerosol properties obtained from observations collected by various satellite instruments. Aerosols are minor constituents of the atmosphere by mass, but critical components in terms of impact on climate. Aerosols influence the global radiation balance directly by scattering and absorbing radiation, and indirectly through influencing cloud reflectivity, cloud cover and cloud lifetime.
Interval/period: Thu, 06/01/1995 - Thu, 07/31/2025
The Sub-seasonal To Seasonal dataset (S2S) consists of global ensemble real-time forecasts and reforecasts from thirteen numerical weather prediction (NWP) and research centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.
Interval/period: Thu, 01/01/2015 - Wed, 05/06/2026
The Sub-seasonal To Seasonal dataset (S2S) consists of global ensemble real-time forecasts and reforecasts from thirteen numerical weather prediction (NWP) and research centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.
Interval/period: Tue, 03/01/2011 - Tue, 06/09/2026
This dataset provides atmospheric CH₄ observations as derived from satellite radiances. It consists of two types of products each covering a different part of the atmosphere: (i) The average CH₄ mixing ratio of the entire atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. These column-averaged mixing ratio products are referred to as “XCH4” products. (ii) Mid-tropospheric (MT) CH₄ mixing ratio products. These products are referred to as "MTCH4" products. These products can be used to monitor the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of CH₄.
Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/2002 - Tue, 12/31/2024
This dataset provides global ocean and sea-ice reanalysis (ORAS5: Ocean Reanalysis System 5) monthly mean data prepared by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) OCEAN5 ocean analysis-reanalysis system. This system comprises 5 ensemble members from which one member is published in this catalogue entry.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1958 - Sun, 03/01/2026
This catalogue entry provides monthly mean time series from the global ocean and sea-ice reanalysis ORAS5 (Ocean Reanalysis System 5), with data organised to prioritise temporal access at grid point locations rather than full spatial fields. The dataset enables users to efficiently retrieve long, continuous time series for individual ocean points, supporting analyses of ocean variability and change without the need to download and process large global gridded datasets.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1958 - Wed, 01/01/2025
This dataset provides monthly averaged ozone values derived from a large set of satellite sensors with global coverage. Ozone is naturally formed in the atmosphere through the interaction between molecular oxygen and solar radiation. In the stratosphere, it acts as a shield protecting us from the UV radiation emitted by the Sun. At ground level however, it is a human health irritant and a component of smog. Ozone and climate change are strongly related.
Interval/period: Wed, 04/01/1970 - Tue, 07/01/2025
CAMS produces global forecasts for atmospheric composition twice a day. The forecasts consist of more than 50 chemical species (e.g. ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide) and seven different types of aerosol (desert dust, sea salt, organic matter, black carbon, sulphate, nitrate and ammonium aerosol). In addition, several meteorological variables are available as well.
Interval/period: Thu, 01/01/2015 - Thu, 05/07/2026
CAMS produces global forecasts for the two main long-lived greenhouse gases once a day. This dataset consists of 5-day high-resolution forecasts of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Additionally, carbon monoxide (CO) and meteorological parameters relevant to the CAMS greenhouse gas forecast are included.
Interval/period: Fri, 03/01/2024 - Thu, 05/07/2026
This dataset is part of the ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis focusing on long-lived greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The emissions and natural fluxes at the surface are crucial for the evolution of the long-lived greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. In this dataset the CO2 fluxes from terrestrial vegetation are modelled in order to simulate the variability across a wide range of scales from diurnal to inter-annual.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Thu, 12/31/2020
This dataset is part of the ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis focusing on long-lived greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The emissions and natural fluxes at the surface are crucial for the evolution of the long-lived greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. In this dataset the CO2 fluxes from terrestrial vegetation are modelled in order to simulate the variability across a wide range of scales from diurnal to inter-annual.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Thu, 12/31/2020
This data set contains net fluxes at the surface, atmospheric mixing ratios at model levels, and column-mean atmospheric mixing ratios for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N20).
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Tue, 12/31/2024
This dataset provides geographical distributions of the radiative forcing (RF) by key atmospheric constituents. The radiative forcing estimates are based on the CAMS reanalysis and additional model simulations and are provided separately for...
carbon dioxide
methane
tropospheric ozone
stratospheric ozone
interactions between anthropogenic aerosols and radiation
interactions between anthropogenic aerosols and clouds
carbon dioxide
methane
tropospheric ozone
stratospheric ozone
interactions between anthropogenic aerosols and radiation
interactions between anthropogenic aerosols and clouds
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Sun, 12/31/2017
EAC4 (ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis 4) is the fourth generation ECMWF global reanalysis of atmospheric composition. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using a model of the atmosphere based on the laws of physics and chemistry.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Thu, 10/31/2024
EAC4 (ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis 4) is the fourth generation ECMWF global reanalysis of atmospheric composition. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using a model of the atmosphere based on the laws of physics and chemistry.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Sun, 12/31/2023
This dataset provides atmospheric CO₂ observations as derived from satellite radiances. It consists of two types of products each covering a different part of the atmosphere: (i) The average CO₂ mixing ratio of the entire atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. These column-averaged mixing ratio products are referred to as “XCO2” products. (ii) Mid-tropospheric (MT) CO₂ mixing ratio products. These products are referred to as "MTCO2" products. These products can be used to monitor the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of CO₂.
Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/2002 - Tue, 12/31/2024