Datasets

CERRA-Land sub-daily regional reanalysis data for Europe from 1984 to present

The Copernicus European Regional ReAnalysis Land (CERRA-Land) dataset provides spatially and temporally consistent historical reconstructions of surface and soil variables at the same horizontal resolution as the CERRA high-resolution reanalysis.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 09/01/1984 - Thu, 07/31/2025

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Daily and monthly Global Interpolated RAinFall Estimation (GIRAFE) data derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides global estimates of precipitation based on satellite observations. Precipitation is the main component of water transport from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface within the hydrological cycle. It varies strongly, depending on geographical location, season, synopsis, and other meteorological factors. The supply with freshwater through precipitation is vital for many subsystems of the climate and the environment, but there are also hazards related to extensive precipitation or the lack of precipitation.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 01/01/2002 - Sat, 12/31/2022

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Albedo

Lower values mean that more radiation is absorbed at the earth's surface while higher values mean more is reflected back to space. Albedo depends on the characteristics of the underlying surface and...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

open_in_newview in Open Charts

Arctic regional reanalysis daily and monthly data from 1991 to present

The daily and monthly data of the C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA) dataset contains daily and monthly meteorological variables at 2.5 km resolution. This includes fields at the single levels (including surface) and on pressure, height, soil and model levels.
These daily and monthly data are pre-calculated and have the following types depending on the variables: daily and monthly averages, extremes and totals.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 09/01/1990 - Sat, 02/28/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Precipitation monthly and daily gridded data from 2000 to 2017 derived from satellite microwave observations

This dataset provides global estimates of daily accumulated and monthly means of precipitation. The precipitation estimates are based on a merge of passive microwave observations from two different radiometer classes operating on multiple Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 01/01/2000 - Sun, 12/31/2017

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

ERA5 Land hourly time-series data from 1950 to present

ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to the
Fifth Generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis (ERA5).
Produced by replaying only the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis, it benefits from the same physical data-assimilation framework but runs offline at
higher spatial detail (9 km grid) to deliver richer land-surface information.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Thu, 12/31/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Lake surface water temperature from 1995 to present derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides daily mid-morning measurements for Lake Surface Water Temperature (LSWT) derived from satellite observations. LSWT, together with five other variables (lake ice cover and thickness, water leaving reflectance, water level and extent) is recognised as the Essential Climate Variable (ECV) "Lakes" by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). LSWT is a key parameter in determining lake ecological conditions as it influences physical, chemical and biological processes.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 06/01/1995 - Sat, 07/04/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Lake water levels from 1992 to present derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides lake water levels for 311 selected lakes on four continents derived from satellite radar altimetry.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1992 - Sat, 07/04/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Leaf area index

The leaf area index determines the degree of evapotranspiration. The index varies in a climatological way in the model, month by month (and so will not change in a different way if there is anomalous weather)...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

open_in_newview in Open Charts

Extreme precipitation risk indicators for Europe and European cities from 1950 to 2019

The dataset presents climate impact indicators related to extreme precipitation in Europe under current climate conditions. The suite of indicators include recent historic records, recurrence intervals, and other relevant statistical measures to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of extreme precipitation events. These are provided as gridded products, with one product covering the whole of Europe, and the other higher resolution product focused on 20 European cities that were identified as vulnerable to urban pluvial flooding based on stakeholder surveys.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Tue, 12/31/2019

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Terrestrial water storage anomaly data from 2002 to present derived from satellite gravimetry observations

This dataset provides global Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA) on a 0.5° regular grid. TWSA represent deviations from the long-term average of water stored on or below the Earth’s surface in the form of soil moisture, groundwater, surface water, snow and ice. Designated as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) as defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), TWSA is considered essential for contributing to a comprehensive view of Earth’s climate, its variability, and trends.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 04/04/2002 - Tue, 04/01/2025

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

UERRA regional reanalysis for Europe on soil levels from 1961 to 2019

The UERRA dataset provides estimations of the climate in Europe based on model data
combined with observations using the UERRA-HARMONIE system and MESCAN-SURFEX system.
UERRA-HARMONIE is a 3-dimensional data assimilation system, whereas
MESCAN-SURFEX is a complementary surface analysis system. In general, the
assimilation systems are able to estimate biases between observations and to
sift good-quality data from poor data. The laws of physics allow for estimates

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 10/18/2018 - Wed, 07/31/2019

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Reforecasts of river discharge and related data by the European Flood Awareness System

This dataset provides gridded modelled hydrological time series forced with medium- to sub-seasonal range meteorological reforecasts. The data is a consistent representation of the most important hydrological variables across the European Flood Awareness System (EFAS) domain. The temporal resolution is 20 years of sub-daily reforecasts initialised twice weekly (Mondays and Thursdays) of:

River discharge
Volumetric soil moisture
Snow water equivalent
Soil wetness index (root zone)
Runoff water equivalent (surface plus subsurface)

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 10/14/2020 - Sat, 07/04/2026

open_in_newview in EWDS|open_in_newview in EWDS

Reforecasts of river discharge and related data by the Global Flood Awareness System

This dataset provides a gridded modelled time series of river discharge, forced with medium- to sub-seasonal range meteorological reforecasts. The data is a consistent representation of a key hydrological variable across the global domain, and is a product of the Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS). It is accompanied by an ancillary file for interpretation that provides the upstream area (see the related variables table and associated link in the documentation).

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/03/1999 - Sat, 11/25/2023

open_in_newview in EWDS|open_in_newview in EWDS

River discharge and related forecasted data by the European Flood Awareness System

This dataset provides gridded modelled hydrological time series forced with medium-range meteorological forecasts. The data is a consistent representation of the most important hydrological variables across the European Flood Awareness System (EFAS) domain. The temporal resolution is sub-daily high-resolution and ensemble forecasts of:

River discharge
Soil moisture for three soil layers
Snow water equivalent

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

open_in_newview in Destination Earth Data

Seasonal reforecasts of river discharge and related data by the European Flood Awareness System

This dataset provides modelled daily hydrological time series forced with seasonal meteorological reforecasts. The dataset is a consistent representation of the most important hydrological variables across the European Flood Awareness (EFAS) domain. The temporal resolution is daily forecasts initialised once a month from 1991 to near real-time of:

River discharge
Volumetric soil moisture
Snow water equivalent
Soil wetness index (root zone)
Runoff water equivalent (surface plus subsurface)

calendar_today Interval/period: Fri, 01/01/1999 - Sat, 07/04/2026

open_in_newview in EWDS|open_in_newview in EWDS

Seasonal reforecasts of river discharge and related data from the Global Flood Awareness System

This dataset provides a gridded modelled time series of river discharge forced with seasonal range meteorological reforecasts. The data is a consistent representation of a key hydrological variable across the global domain, and is a product of the Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS). It is accompanied by an ancillary file for interpretation that provides the upstream area (see the related variables table and associated link in the documentation).

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 01/01/1981 - Sat, 07/01/2023

open_in_newview in EWDS|open_in_newview in EWDS

Orography and sea depth

The height of topography above mean sea level and the depth of the sea for each model grid box ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

open_in_newview in Open Charts

pan-Arctic regional reanalysis daily and monthly data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains daily and monthly meteorological variables at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. These daily and monthly data are pre-calculated and have the following types depending on the variables: daily and monthly averages, extremes and totals.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/1985 - Wed, 12/31/2025

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

pan-Arctic regional reanalysis sub-daily data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains 3-hourly analyses at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. Additionally, hourly forecasts are available between the analysis times and particularly forecasts up to 18 hours initialised from the analyses at 00 and 12 UTC.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 09/01/1985 - Wed, 12/31/2025

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Mountain tourism meteorological and snow indicators for Europe from 1950 to 2100 derived from reanalysis and climate projections

This dataset provides meteorological and snow indicators for Europe, characterizing operating conditions of winter ski resorts under past and future climate scenarios. The dataset consists of 39 indicators of atmospheric and snow conditions computed in a similar manner for all mountain regions in Europe at the scale of NUTS-3 regions (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) and by steps of 100 m elevation.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Fri, 01/01/2100

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Multi-model seasonal reforecasts of river discharge for Europe

This dataset provides hydrological seasonal reforecasts of monthly mean river discharge across Europe for the period 1993 to 2016. The first is an E-HYPE multi-model system comprising eight model realisations using a catchment-based resolution. The second comprises the E-HYPEgrid, VIC-WUR and LISFLOOD-EFAS hydrological models at a 5km gridded resolution.

calendar_today Interval/period: Fri, 01/01/2021 - Sat, 07/04/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

Soil moisture

Soil moisture handling in the model is complex, and could be highlighted in many ways. Here a 'relativistic' approach is used for display, showing not absolute values, but instead...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

open_in_newview in Open Charts

ERA5-Land hourly data from 1950 to present

ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to ERA5. ERA5-Land has been produced by replaying the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. Reanalysis produces data that goes several decades back in time, providing an accurate description of the climate of the past.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Thu, 06/25/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store|open_in_newview in Climate Data Store

ERA5-Land monthly averaged data from 1950 to present

ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to ERA5. ERA5-Land has been produced by replaying the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. Reanalysis produces data that goes several decades back in time, providing an accurate description of the climate of the past.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Fri, 05/01/2026

open_in_newview in Climate Data Store|open_in_newview in Climate Data Store