Datasets
Displaying 101 - 125 of 174
The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains 3-hourly analyses at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. Additionally, hourly forecasts are available between the analysis times and particularly forecasts up to 18 hours initialised from the analyses at 00 and 12 UTC.
Interval/period: Sun, 09/01/1985 - Wed, 12/31/2025
This dataset provides atmospheric CH₄ observations as derived from satellite radiances. It consists of two types of products each covering a different part of the atmosphere: (i) The average CH₄ mixing ratio of the entire atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. These column-averaged mixing ratio products are referred to as “XCH4” products. (ii) Mid-tropospheric (MT) CH₄ mixing ratio products. These products are referred to as "MTCH4" products. These products can be used to monitor the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of CH₄.
Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/2002 - Mon, 06/30/2025
Water vapour is has been recognised as an Essential Climate Variable as it provides the basis for all cloud formation and physics and furthermore influences the Earth's heat budget due to its high absorbance of long and short-wave radiation. Total column water vapour (TCWV) is a measure of the integrated water vapour content of the atmosphere.
This catalogue entry provides the TCWV data product usually called Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Data (HOAPS).
This catalogue entry provides the TCWV data product usually called Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Data (HOAPS).
Interval/period: Wed, 05/01/2002 - Thu, 03/01/2012
This dataset provides meteorological and snow indicators for Europe, characterizing operating conditions of winter ski resorts under past and future climate scenarios. The dataset consists of 39 indicators of atmospheric and snow conditions computed in a similar manner for all mountain regions in Europe at the scale of NUTS-3 regions (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) and by steps of 100 m elevation.
Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Fri, 01/01/2100
This dataset provides hydrological seasonal reforecasts of monthly mean river discharge across Europe for the period 1993 to 2016. The first is an E-HYPE multi-model system comprising eight model realisations using a catchment-based resolution. The second comprises the E-HYPEgrid, VIC-WUR and LISFLOOD-EFAS hydrological models at a 5km gridded resolution.
Interval/period: Fri, 01/01/2021 - Sat, 08/29/2026
This dataset provides bias-corrected reconstruction of near-surface meteorological variables derived from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses (ERA5). It is intended to be used as a meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Tue, 12/31/2024
The Nordic Gridded Climate Dataset (NGCD) is a high resolution, observational, gridded dataset of daily minimum, maximum and mean temperatures and daily precipitation totals, covering Finland, Sweden and Norway. The time period covered begins in January 1961 and continues to the present.
Spatial interpolation methods are applied to observational datasets to create gridded datasets.
In general, there are three types of such methods: deterministic (type 1), stochastic (type 2) and pure mathematical (type 3).
Spatial interpolation methods are applied to observational datasets to create gridded datasets.
In general, there are three types of such methods: deterministic (type 1), stochastic (type 2) and pure mathematical (type 3).
Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1961 - Thu, 09/18/2025
This set of data holdings provides access to data collected from land surface meteorological observations across the globe. Data are available at the observational level and also at daily and monthly aggregations. Data have been collated and harmonised and quality control checks have been performed, but no attempt has been made to assess for potential biases. Data are provided for a range of commonly observed variables.
Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1978 - Wed, 10/17/2018
This dataset provides surface-level particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) concentrations derived from in situ low-cost sensor (LCS) measurements, produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in the context of the Horizon Europe All Data for Green Deal project. This dataset differs from existing air quality datasets by combining crowdsourced observations with a robust correction framework, producing high-resolution, reference-aligned gridded products.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/2018 - Tue, 12/31/2024
This dataset provides bias-corrected reconstruction of near-surface meteorological variables derived from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses (ERA5). It is intended to be used as a meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Mon, 12/31/2018
Snow water equivalent (SWE) is an important variable indicating the amount of accumulated snow on land surfaces. SWE describes the amount of liquid water in a snowpack that would be formed if the snowpack was completely melted. This dataset is useful for monitoring snow conditions, freshwater storage, and climate studies. It provides daily estimates of SWE for the Northern Hemisphere from 1979 to present derived from passive microwave radiometer (PMR) measurements onboard polar-orbiting satellites.
Interval/period: Tue, 01/02/1979 - Sat, 08/29/2026
This catalogue entry provides satellite-derived estimates of surface albedo, an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) as defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Surface albedo is critical for understanding the Earth’s climate, its variability, and trends, as it quantifies the fraction of solar irradiance reflected by the Earth’s surface. This variable plays a vital role in the global radiation budget, influencing surface temperatures, water balance, and climate feedback mechanisms, such as the ice-albedo feedback in polar regions.
Interval/period: Tue, 09/01/1981 - Sun, 12/01/2024
The Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) represents the balance between the heating of the Earth’s surface through absorption of incoming solar radiation and cooling through the emission of infra-red radiation, which is a fundamental component of the surface energy budget. Small changes in the surface radiation budget can lead to large climatological responses, which makes a permanent and precise monitoring indispensable.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Mon, 06/30/2025
This dataset contains a set of synthetic windstorm events consisting of 22,980 individual storm footprints over Europe. These are a physically realistic set of plausible windstorm events based on the modelled climatic conditions. It is not designed to reproduce actual historical observations but as a comparator for the stochastic event sets generally used for windstorm risk analysis in the insurance industry. This is because there is no data assimilation process used to align the model output to historical observations.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1986 - Wed, 11/30/2011
This dataset provides a record of fuel characteristics at high spatiotemporal resolution: ~9km, daily.
The two main variable groups are fuel load and fuel moisture, both of which are further divided by live/dead and wood/foliage fractions.
The dataset combines state-of-the-art model data (ERA5-Land) with observations from multiple satellites and in-situ variables into a globally complete and consistent dataset.
The two main variable groups are fuel load and fuel moisture, both of which are further divided by live/dead and wood/foliage fractions.
The dataset combines state-of-the-art model data (ERA5-Land) with observations from multiple satellites and in-situ variables into a globally complete and consistent dataset.
Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2003 - Fri, 12/31/2021
This dataset provides climate indicators of windstorms associated with extratropical cyclones, derived from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses (ERA5) over a pan-European domain. Developed as part of Copernicus Climate Change Service's (C3S) Enhanced Windstorm Service (EWS), and responding to requirements from users in the insurance sector, this dataset extends the previous C3S Windstorm Service (winter months only) to include the entire year.
Interval/period: Thu, 02/01/1940 - Fri, 01/23/2026
This dataset provides climatological indicators on European winter windstorms and their economic impact derived from ERA5 reanalysis. Also provided are risk indicators from a synthetically derived set of physically realistic windstorm events based on modelled climatic conditions. The primary users include the insurance sector, reinsurers and insurance industry service providers in response to their requirements for a catalogue of historic windstorm events within Europe.
Interval/period: Sat, 03/01/1986 - Wed, 11/30/2011
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Thu, 06/25/2026
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Thu, 06/25/2026
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Fri, 05/01/2026
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Fri, 05/01/2026
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Thu, 06/25/2026
ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Data is available from 1940 onwards.
ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis.
Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Thu, 06/25/2026
ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to ERA5. ERA5-Land has been produced by replaying the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. Reanalysis produces data that goes several decades back in time, providing an accurate description of the climate of the past.
Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Thu, 06/25/2026
ERA5-Land is a reanalysis dataset providing a consistent view of the evolution of land variables over several decades at an enhanced resolution compared to ERA5. ERA5-Land has been produced by replaying the land component of the ECMWF ERA5 climate reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. Reanalysis produces data that goes several decades back in time, providing an accurate description of the climate of the past.
Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Fri, 05/01/2026