Datasets

Ocean Wave Model Ensemble 15-day forecast (ENS-WAM), IV-ii-b: Probabilities - Averaged weather events

The products provide the probabilities of the occurrence of instantaneous and averaged weather events at each grid point. The products are encoded in GRIB form.

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Ocean Wave Model Ensemble 15-day forecast (ENS-WAM), IV-iii-a: Extreme Forecast Index (EFI) 1-day ranges

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Ocean Wave Model Ensemble 15-day forecast (ENS-WAM), IV-iii-b: Shift of Tails (SOT) 1-day ranges

The products provide the shift-of-tails of single level parameters of instantaneous, averaged and accumulated values at each grid point. The products are encoded in GRIB form. For more information on the Extreme Forecast Index, please consult the ECMWF Forecast User Guide: https://confluence.ecmwf.int/display/FUG/Extreme+Forecast+Index+-+EFI%2…

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ORAS5 global ocean reanalysis monthly time-series data from 1958 to present

This catalogue entry provides monthly mean time series from the global ocean and sea-ice reanalysis ORAS5 (Ocean Reanalysis System 5), with data organised to prioritise temporal access at grid point locations rather than full spatial fields. The dataset enables users to efficiently retrieve long, continuous time series for individual ocean points, supporting analyses of ocean variability and change without the need to download and process large global gridded datasets.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1958 - Wed, 01/01/2025

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Ozone monthly gridded data from 1970 to present derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides monthly averaged ozone values derived from a large set of satellite sensors with global coverage. Ozone is naturally formed in the atmosphere through the interaction between molecular oxygen and solar radiation. In the stratosphere, it acts as a shield protecting us from the UV radiation emitted by the Sun. At ground level however, it is a human health irritant and a component of smog. Ozone and climate change are strongly related.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 04/01/1970 - Tue, 07/01/2025

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Pacific Ocean SST attribution experiment for winter 1997/98: PC98

4-month long 101-ensemble member seasonal attribution experiment (PC98) initialised on 01-November-1997 using the atmosphere-only version of SEAS5 (see Johnson et al., 2019) forced with daily ERA5 SST as in the reference experiment (R98) but with daily SST climatology over the tropical Pacific Ocean.

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Pacific Ocean SST attribution experiment for winter 2015/16: PC16

4-month long 101-ensemble member seasonal attribution experiment (PC16) initialised on 01-November-2015 using the atmosphere-only version of SEAS5 (see Johnson et al., 2019) forced with daily ERA5 SST as in the reference experiment (R16) but with daily SST climatology over the tropical Pacific Ocean.

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Pacific Ocean SST attribution experiment for winter 2019/20: PC20

4-month long 101-ensemble member seasonal attribution experiment (PC20) initialised on 01-November-2019 using the atmosphere-only version of SEAS5 (see Johnson et al., 2019) forced with daily ERA5 SST as in the reference experiment (R20) but with daily SST climatology over the tropical Pacific Ocean.

Examples

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pan-Arctic regional reanalysis daily and monthly data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains daily and monthly meteorological variables at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. These daily and monthly data are pre-calculated and have the following types depending on the variables: daily and monthly averages, extremes and totals.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/1985 - Wed, 12/31/2025

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pan-Arctic regional reanalysis sub-daily data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains 3-hourly analyses at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. Additionally, hourly forecasts are available between the analysis times and particularly forecasts up to 18 hours initialised from the analyses at 00 and 12 UTC.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 09/01/1985 - Wed, 12/31/2025

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Polar relaxation experiment

Polar relaxation experiment run at Tco199 for 46 days over 20 years starting on 12, 16 , 19, 23, 26 , 30 December and 2nd, 6th and 9th January 1999-2018.

Examples

retrieve, class=rd, stream=enfh, expver=iknn, type=pf, number=1/to/4, levtype=sfc, param=2t, date=20191212, hdate=20091212, time=00:00:00, step=24, target='output.grib'

Retrieving 2-meter temperature of the hindcast starting on 12 December 2019 for all perturbed members.

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Pre-industrial CO2 forecasts of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave

Forecasts using IFS EPS CY47R2 replicating operations (51 members, TCo639, ORCA025Z75). The CO2 concentration was set to 285 ppm. If you are interested in using these data, please let us know by contacting nicholas.leach@physics.ox.ac.uk .

Examples

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Pre-industrial forecasts of Storm Eunice (2022)

Forecasts using IFS EPS CY47R3 replicating operations (51 members, TCo639, ORCA025Z75). The ocean state has had a hydrostatically balanced estimate of anthropogenic influence (warming) since 1850-1900 removed. The CO2 concentration was set to 285 ppm.

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Pre-industrial forecasts of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave

Forecasts using IFS EPS CY47R2 replicating operations (51 members, TCo639, ORCA025Z75). The ocean state has had a hydrostatically balanced estimate of anthropogenic influence (warming) since 1850-1900 removed. The CO2 concentration was set to 285 ppm If you are interested in using these data, please let us know by contacting nicholas.leach@physics.ox.ac.uk .

Examples

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Pre-industrial forecasts of the 2021 Pacific Northwest Heatwave, CMCC-CM2-HR4 perturbations

Forecasts using IFS EPS CY47R2 replicating operations (51 members, TCo639, ORCA025Z75). The ocean state has had a hydrostatically balanced estimate of anthropogenic influence (warming) within the CMCC-CM2-HR4 climate model since 1850-1900 removed. The CO2 concentration was set to 285 ppm. If you are interested in using these data, please let us know by contacting nicholas.leach@physics.ox.ac.uk .

Examples

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Methane data from 2002 to present derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides atmospheric CH₄ observations as derived from satellite radiances. It consists of two types of products each covering a different part of the atmosphere: (i) The average CH₄ mixing ratio of the entire atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. These column-averaged mixing ratio products are referred to as “XCH4” products. (ii) Mid-tropospheric (MT) CH₄ mixing ratio products. These products are referred to as "MTCH4" products. These products can be used to monitor the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of CH₄.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 10/01/2002 - Mon, 06/30/2025

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Model fields with additional output of convective fields for snow and rain

A 49R1 forecast experiment has been run to generate model fields which can be used to run an offline forward operator for polarimetric radio occultation observations. The fields include convective snow and rain, which are not a standard output for operations. The dates fit to Atmospheric River and Tropical Cyclone cases used for testing the forward operator generating simulated PRO fields (dPhi) and comparing them to observed ones.

Examples

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Monthly and 6-hourly total column water vapour over ocean from 1988 to 2020 derived from satellite observations

Water vapour is has been recognised as an Essential Climate Variable as it provides the basis for all cloud formation and physics and furthermore influences the Earth's heat budget due to its high absorbance of long and short-wave radiation. Total column water vapour (TCWV) is a measure of the integrated water vapour content of the atmosphere.
This catalogue entry provides the TCWV data product usually called Hamburg Ocean Atmosphere Parameters and Fluxes from Satellite Data (HOAPS).

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 05/01/2002 - Thu, 03/01/2012

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Mountain tourism meteorological and snow indicators for Europe from 1950 to 2100 derived from reanalysis and climate projections

This dataset provides meteorological and snow indicators for Europe, characterizing operating conditions of winter ski resorts under past and future climate scenarios. The dataset consists of 39 indicators of atmospheric and snow conditions computed in a similar manner for all mountain regions in Europe at the scale of NUTS-3 regions (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) and by steps of 100 m elevation.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Fri, 01/01/2100

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Multi-model seasonal reforecasts of river discharge for Europe

This dataset provides hydrological seasonal reforecasts of monthly mean river discharge across Europe for the period 1993 to 2016. The first is an E-HYPE multi-model system comprising eight model realisations using a catchment-based resolution. The second comprises the E-HYPEgrid, VIC-WUR and LISFLOOD-EFAS hydrological models at a 5km gridded resolution.

calendar_today Interval/period: Fri, 01/01/2021 - Fri, 07/17/2026

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Near surface meteorological variables from 1979 to present derived from bias-corrected reanalysis

This dataset provides bias-corrected reconstruction of near-surface meteorological variables derived from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses (ERA5). It is intended to be used as a meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Tue, 12/31/2024

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nextGEMS - Future Projection - IFS-FESOM - Generation-1 - Realization-2

Note: This Generation 1 Collection has been superseded by Generation 2 Simulation-level Collections

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nextGEMS - Historical Simulation - IFS-FESOM - Generation-1 - Realization-1

Note: This Generation 1 Collection has been superseded by Generation 2 Simulation-level Collections

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Nordic gridded temperature and precipitation data from 1961 to present derived from in-situ observations

The Nordic Gridded Climate Dataset (NGCD) is a high resolution, observational, gridded dataset of daily minimum, maximum and mean temperatures and daily precipitation totals, covering Finland, Sweden and Norway. The time period covered begins in January 1961 and continues to the present.
Spatial interpolation methods are applied to observational datasets to create gridded datasets.
In general, there are three types of such methods: deterministic (type 1), stochastic (type 2) and pure mathematical (type 3).

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1961 - Thu, 09/18/2025

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Global land surface atmospheric variables from 1755 to present from comprehensive in-situ observations

This set of data holdings provides access to data collected from land surface meteorological observations across the globe. Data are available at the observational level and also at daily and monthly aggregations. Data have been collated and harmonised and quality control checks have been performed, but no attempt has been made to assess for potential biases. Data are provided for a range of commonly observed variables.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1978 - Wed, 10/17/2018

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