Datasets

In situ temperature, relative humidity and wind profiles from 2006 to March 2020 from the GRUAN reference network

The Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) Reference Upper-Air Network (GRUAN) is an international reference observing network, established in 2006, of sites measuring essential climate variables above Earth's surface, designed to fill an important gap in the current global observing system. GRUAN measurements are providing high-quality climate data records from the surface, through the troposphere, and into the stratosphere.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1978 - Wed, 10/17/2018

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In situ total column ozone and ozone soundings from 1924 to present from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre

This dataset provides access to two types of ozone observations: total column ozone estimates and vertical profiles of ozone concentration.
The total ozone estimates are based on solar UV radiation measurements made by ground-based spectrophotometers (Dobson or Brewer type spectrophotometers).
The vertical profiles of ozone concentration are estimated primarily using ozonesonde observations.
Data are available for 159 Dobson stations, 109 Brewer stations and 135 ozonesondes stations.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 01/01/1924 - Mon, 08/10/2026

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In-situ observations of water vapour and atmospheric delay from the ground-based GNSS network from 1996 to present

This dataset provides estimates of water vapour derived from atmospheric delays in Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS) radio signals.
The initial data is collected from two in situ ground-based network of GNSS receivers – the International GNSS Service
(IGS) and EUREF Permanent Network (EPN). The IGS collects, archives, and freely distributes GNSS data from a
cooperatively operated global network of more than 500 ground-based GNSS stations since 1994. The EPN is a European

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1996 - Mon, 08/10/2026

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Errors of tropical cyclone forecasts

The diagram shows mean errors in position and intensity of tropical cyclones for HRES and ENS. ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Essential climate variables for water sector applications derived from climate projections

This dataset contains 4 Essential Climate Variables (ECV) for the 18 bias adjusted Global Climate Models (GCM) from CMIP5: daily precipitation rate, and daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures.
The data are bias adjusted using the Distribution Based Scaling (DBS) method versus the global reference dataset HydroGFD2.0, both bias adjustment method and global reference dataset developed by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI).
The DBS method is a parametric quantile-mapping variant.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 10/12/2000 - Thu, 10/18/2018

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Extreme precipitation risk indicators for Europe and European cities from 1950 to 2019

The dataset presents climate impact indicators related to extreme precipitation in Europe under current climate conditions. The suite of indicators include recent historic records, recurrence intervals, and other relevant statistical measures to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of extreme precipitation events. These are provided as gridded products, with one product covering the whole of Europe, and the other higher resolution product focused on 20 European cities that were identified as vulnerable to urban pluvial flooding based on stakeholder surveys.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Tue, 12/31/2019

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Fire activity analyses

CAMS fire activity analyses

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Fire burned area from 2001 to present derived from satellite observations

The Burned Area products provide global information of total burned area (BA) at pixel and grid scale. The BA is identified with the date of first detection of the burned signal in the case of the pixel product, and with the total BA per grid cell in the case of the grid product. The products were obtained through the analysis of reflectance changes from medium resolution sensors (Terra MODIS, Sentinel-3 OLCI), supported by the use of MODIS thermal information.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/2001 - Fri, 04/01/2022

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Fire danger indicators for Europe from 1970 to 2098 derived from climate projections

The dataset presents projections of fire danger indicators for Europe based upon the Canadian Fire Weather Index System (FWI) under future climate conditions. The FWI is a meteorologically based index used worldwide to estimate the fire danger and is implemented in the Global ECMWF Fire Forecasting model (GEFF). In this dataset, daily FWI values, seasonal FWI values, and other FWI derived, threshold-specific, indicators were modelled using the GEFF model to estimate the fire danger in future climate scenarios.

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Fire radiative power and active fire pixels from 2020 to present derived from satellite observations

This dataset provides global information on the timing and location of Active Fires (AF) burning on Earth's surface during satellite overpasses, and also records their Fire Radiative Power (FRP) as a measure of strength. FRP relates to a fire's combustion rate, and the rate at which smoke containing greenhouse gases, reactive gases and particular matter is released into the atmosphere. The vast majority of detected hotspots are related to landscape fires, however other high temperature targets such as active volcanoes and gas flares are also present in the data.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/2020 - Fri, 02/28/2025

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Formaldehyde forecasts

CAMS formaldehyde forecasts

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Fraction of CRPS value > 5°C for 2 m temperature errors

This diagram gives a measure of the effectiveness of the model. ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Fraction of large 2m temperature errors

This diagram gives a measure of the effectiveness of the model. ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Freezing rain during last 6 hours

Where precipitation is forecast, a type of precipitation can be assigned according to the temperature structure of the model atmosphere that includes the layers through which the model precipitation falls...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Terrestrial water storage anomaly data from 2002 to present derived from satellite gravimetry observations

This dataset provides global Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA) on a 0.5° regular grid. TWSA represent deviations from the long-term average of water stored on or below the Earth’s surface in the form of soil moisture, groundwater, surface water, snow and ice. Designated as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) as defined by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), TWSA is considered essential for contributing to a comprehensive view of Earth’s climate, its variability, and trends.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 04/04/2002 - Tue, 04/01/2025

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Thermal comfort indices time-series derived from ERA5 reanalysis

This catalogue entry provides a time series of thermal comfort indices, organised to make time the primary dimension for analysis and extraction. For any user-defined location (point) or small area, the dataset returns the temporal evolution of the selected variables, enabling efficient time-series studies without requiring users to download and manage full global gridded files.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Fri, 05/09/2025

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Time series of scores of the ensemble control and members

These diagrams compare scores of ensemble control (red) and ensemble members (central 50% of ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Time-longitudes diagram - Sub-seasonal range forecast

This is a time/longitude diagram (Hovmoller diagram) of 500 hPa or 1000 hPa mean height anomaly ...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Time-longitudes sections - Sub-seasonal range forecast

The time-longitude diagram (Hovmoller diagram) shows a section of ensemble mean anomalies or ...

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Total accumulated precipitation

Total accumulated rainfall charts identify areas at greater risk of significant rainfall (or rain equivalent e.g.snowfall) but give no information regarding whether this occurs over a short or prolonged time period...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Total cloud cover

This display helps with the recognition of clouds of different layers, even when they overlap. Brighter colouring represents greater cloud cover. Cloud-free areas appear white while areas of full cloud cover at all levels appear dark grey (e.g. active fronts)...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Total column water

The charts show the forecast value of the vertically integrated total column water (vapour + cloud water + cloud ice but with no precipitation included) in units of kg m⁻²...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Total precipitation deviation / anomaly, last 24 hours

This chart shows the anomaly in precipitation (in mm of rainfall or rainfall equivalent) during a 24 hour period immediately prior to the chosen valid date/time...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Total snowfall deviation / anomaly, last 24 hours

This chart shows the anomaly in snowfall (in mm of rainfall equivalent) during a 24 hour period immediately prior to the chosen valid date/time...

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Total snowfall during last 6 hours

Forecast precipitation is considered to be snow if the model atmosphere above and at the ground surface is forecast to be below 0°C. Where the ground surface lies near the 0°C level...

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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