Datasets

In situ total column ozone and ozone soundings from 1924 to present from the World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre

This dataset provides access to two types of ozone observations: total column ozone estimates and vertical profiles of ozone concentration.
The total ozone estimates are based on solar UV radiation measurements made by ground-based spectrophotometers (Dobson or Brewer type spectrophotometers).
The vertical profiles of ozone concentration are estimated primarily using ozonesonde observations.
Data are available for 159 Dobson stations, 109 Brewer stations and 135 ozonesondes stations.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 01/01/1924 - Sat, 05/09/2026

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In situ observations of meteorological and soil variables from the US Climate Reference Network near the surface from 2006 to present

This catalogue entry provides access to a continuous series of near-surface climate observations collected in-situ at
United States Climate Reference Network (USCRN) stations.
There are over 130 USCRN stations over the conterminous United States (U.S.), Alaska, and Hawaii.
The USCRN stations are managed and maintained by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The USCRN observations include air temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation, solar radiation,

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/2006 - Sat, 05/09/2026

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Machine Learning model data

ECMWF is now running a series of data-driven forecasts as part of its experimental suite. These machine-learning based models are very fast, and they produce a 10-day forecast with 6-hourly time steps in approximately one minute. The outputs are available in graphical form.

Currently, three of these models are available:

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

Essential climate variables for assessment of climate variability from 1979 to present

The Essential Climate Variables for assessment of climate variability from 1979 to present dataset contains a selection of climatologies, monthly anomalies and monthly mean fields of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) suitable for monitoring and assessment of climate variability and change. Selection criteria are based on accuracy and temporal consistency on monthly to decadal time scales.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Wed, 04/01/2026

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Essential climate variables for water sector applications derived from climate projections

This dataset contains 4 Essential Climate Variables (ECV) for the 18 bias adjusted Global Climate Models (GCM) from CMIP5: daily precipitation rate, and daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures.
The data are bias adjusted using the Distribution Based Scaling (DBS) method versus the global reference dataset HydroGFD2.0, both bias adjustment method and global reference dataset developed by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI).
The DBS method is a parametric quantile-mapping variant.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 10/12/2000 - Thu, 10/18/2018

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pan-Arctic regional reanalysis daily and monthly data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains daily and monthly meteorological variables at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. These daily and monthly data are pre-calculated and have the following types depending on the variables: daily and monthly averages, extremes and totals.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1986 - Sun, 12/31/2023

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pan-Arctic regional reanalysis sub-daily data from 1986 to present

The C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis second generation (CARRA2) dataset contains 3-hourly analyses at 2.5 km resolution. These variables are specified at single levels (including surface) and also at soil, height, pressure and model levels. Additionally, hourly forecasts are available between the analysis times and particularly forecasts up to 18 hours initialised from the analyses at 00 and 12 UTC.

calendar_today Interval/period: Wed, 01/01/1986 - Sun, 12/31/2023

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Precipitation monthly and daily gridded data from 1979 to present derived from satellite measurements

Within the hydrological cycle, precipitation is the main component of water transport from the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface. Precipitation varies strongly, depending on geographical location, season, synopsis, and other meteorological factors. The supply of freshwater through precipitation is vital for many subsystems of the climate and the environment, but there are also hazards related to extensive precipitation or the lack of precipitation.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Mon, 09/30/2024

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Precipitation monthly and daily gridded data from 2000 to 2017 derived from satellite microwave observations

This dataset provides global estimates of daily accumulated and monthly means of precipitation. The precipitation estimates are based on a merge of passive microwave observations from two different radiometer classes operating on multiple Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 01/01/2000 - Sun, 12/31/2017

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Windstorm tracks and footprints derived from reanalysis over Europe between 1940 to present

This dataset provides climate indicators of windstorms associated with extratropical cyclones, derived from the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses (ERA5) over a pan-European domain. Developed as part of Copernicus Climate Change Service's (C3S) Enhanced Windstorm Service (EWS), and responding to requirements from users in the insurance sector, this dataset extends the previous C3S Windstorm Service (winter months only) to include the entire year.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 02/01/1940 - Fri, 01/23/2026

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Winter windstorm indicators for Europe from 1979 to 2021 derived from reanalysis

This dataset provides climatological indicators on European winter windstorms and their economic impact derived from ERA5 reanalysis. Also provided are risk indicators from a synthetically derived set of physically realistic windstorm events based on modelled climatic conditions. The primary users include the insurance sector, reinsurers and insurance industry service providers in response to their requirements for a catalogue of historic windstorm events within Europe.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 03/01/1986 - Wed, 11/30/2011

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S2S global sub-seasonal to seasonal ensemble real-time forecasts from multiple NWP and research centres since 2015

The Sub-seasonal To Seasonal dataset (S2S) consists of global ensemble real-time forecasts and reforecasts from thirteen numerical weather prediction (NWP) and research centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.

calendar_today Interval/period: Thu, 01/01/2015 - Wed, 05/06/2026

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S2S global sub-seasonal to seasonal ensemble reforecasts from multiple NWP and research centres since 2015

The Sub-seasonal To Seasonal dataset (S2S) consists of global ensemble real-time forecasts and reforecasts from thirteen numerical weather prediction (NWP) and research centres.
S2S project behind the dataset started in 2013 as a joint initiative of the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP).
The goal of S2S project was to improve sub-seasonal forecast skill through combining multiple forecasting systems, enable multi-model evaluations and enhance knowledge sharing between operational centres.

calendar_today Interval/period: Tue, 03/01/2011 - Tue, 06/09/2026

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AIFS Machine Learning data

ECMWF is now running its own Artificial Intelligence Forecasting System (AIFS). The AIFS consists of a deterministic model and an ensemble model. The deterministic model has been running operationally since 25 February 2025; further details can be found on the dedicated Implementation of AIFS Single v1 page.

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Alpine gridded monthly precipitation data since 1871 derived from in-situ observations

This dataset, also known as the Long-term Alpine Precipitation Reconstruction (LAPrec), provides gridded fields of monthly precipitation for the Alpine region (eight countries). The dataset is derived from station observations and is provided in two issues:

LAPrec1871 starts in 1871 and is based on data from 85 input series;
LAPrec1901 starts in 1901 and is based on data from 165 input series.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1871 - Sat, 05/09/2026

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Arctic regional reanalysis daily and monthly data from 1991 to present

The daily and monthly data of the C3S Arctic Regional Reanalysis (CARRA) dataset contains daily and monthly meteorological variables at 2.5 km resolution. This includes fields at the single levels (including surface) and on pressure, height, soil and model levels.
These daily and monthly data are pre-calculated and have the following types depending on the variables: daily and monthly averages, extremes and totals.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 09/01/1990 - Sat, 02/28/2026

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CAMS European air quality forecasts

This dataset provides daily air quality analyses and forecasts for Europe.

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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CAMS global atmospheric composition forecasts

CAMS produces global forecasts for atmospheric composition twice a day. The forecasts consist of more than 50 chemical species (e.g. ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide) and seven different types of aerosol (desert dust, sea salt, organic matter, black carbon, sulphate, nitrate and ammonium aerosol). In addition, several meteorological variables are available as well.

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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CERRA sub-daily regional reanalysis data for Europe on single levels from 1984 to present

The Copernicus European Regional ReAnalysis (CERRA) datasets provide spatially and temporally consistent historical reconstructions of meteorological variables in the atmosphere and at the surface. There are four subsets: single levels (atmospheric and surface quantities), height levels (upper-air fields up to 500m), pressure levels (upper-air fields up to 1hPa) and model levels (native levels of the model). This entry provides reanalysis and forecast data on single levels for Europe from 1984 to present.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 09/01/1984 - Sat, 01/31/2026

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CERRA-Land sub-daily regional reanalysis data for Europe from 1984 to present

The Copernicus European Regional ReAnalysis Land (CERRA-Land) dataset provides spatially and temporally consistent historical reconstructions of surface and soil variables at the same horizontal resolution as the CERRA high-resolution reanalysis.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sat, 09/01/1984 - Thu, 07/31/2025

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Climate and energy indicators for Europe from 1979 to present derived from reanalysis

The Copernicus climate change service (C3S) operational energy dataset provides climate and energy indicators for the European energy sector. The climate-relevant indicators for the energy sector considered are: air temperature, precipitation, incoming solar radiation, wind speed at 10 m and 100 m, and mean sea level air pressure. The energy indicators are electricity demand and power generation from various sources: wind (both onshore and offshore), solar and hydro (run-of-river and reservoir) power.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1979 - Sun, 03/01/2026

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Climate and energy indicators for Europe from 2005 to 2100 derived from climate projections

This dataset provides climate and energy indicators for the Europe as part of the Copernicus climate change service (C3S) Energy operational service. The climate-relevant indicators for the energy sector considered are: air temperature, precipitation, incoming solar radiation, wind speed at 10 m and 100 m, and mean sea level air pressure. The energy indicators are electricity demand and power generation from various sources: wind (both onshore and offshore), solar and hydro (run-of-river and reservoir) power.

calendar_today Interval/period: N/A

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Climate and energy related variables from the Pan-European Climate Database derived from reanalysis and climate projections

The Pan-European Climate Database (PECD) provides information on climate and renewable energy variables for both historical and future time periods. For historical data, the ERA5 global reanalysis serves as the underlying climate data, while future projections are based on selected CMIP6 global climate models. The raw climate model data are further processed through downscaling to achieve higher spatial and temporal resolution and by applying bias adjustment.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1950 - Wed, 12/01/2100

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Climate indicators for Europe from 1940 to 2100 derived from reanalysis and climate projections

This dataset provides a series of climate indices derived from reanalysis and model simulations data hosted on the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS). These indicators describe how climate variability and change of essential climate variables can impact sectors such as health, agriculture, forestry, energy, tourism, or water and coastal management.

calendar_today Interval/period: Mon, 01/01/1940 - Fri, 12/31/2100

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CMIP5 daily data on pressure levels

This catalogue entry provides daily climate projections on pressure levels from a large number of experiments, models, members and time periods computed in the framework of fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The term "pressure levels" is used to express that the variables were computed at multiple vertical levels, which may differ in number and location among the different models.

calendar_today Interval/period: Sun, 01/01/1860 - Mon, 12/31/2300

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